Johari window
The Johari window is a technique[1] designed to help people better understand their relationship with themselves and others. It was created by psychologists Joseph Luft (1916–2014) and Harrington Ingham (1916–1995) in 1955, and is used primarily in self-help groups and corporate settings as a heuristic exercise.[2][3] Luft and Ingham named their model "Johari" using a combination of their first names.
The four quadrants
[edit]- Open
- The open quadrant refers to behavior, feelings, and motivation known to self and to others.
- Blind
- The blind quadrant refers to behavior, feelings, and motivation known to others but not to self.
- Hidden
- The hidden quadrant refers to behavior, feelings, and motivation known to others but not to self.
- Unknown
- The unknown quadrant refers to behavior, feelings, and motivation known neither to self nor to others.
Therapy
[edit]One therapeutic target may be the expansion of the Open (Arena) square at the expense of both the Unknown square and the Blind Spot square, resulting in greater knowledge of oneself, while voluntary disclosure of Private (Hidden or Facade) squares may result in greater interpersonal intimacy and friendship.[4]
See also
[edit]
- Assertiveness – Capacity of being self-assured without being aggressive to defend a point of view
- Shadow – Concept in Jungian psychology
- There are unknown unknowns – A phrase created with the Johari window
References
[edit]- ^ Luft, J.; Ingham, H. (1955). "The Johari window, a graphic model of interpersonal awareness" (PDF). Proceedings of the Western Training Laboratory in Group Development. Los Angeles: University of California, Los Angeles. Retrieved 3 February 2025.
- ^ Pearl, Judea (1983). Heuristics: Intelligent Search Strategies for Computer Problem Solving. New York, Addison-Wesley, p. vii. ISBN 978-0-201-05594-8
- ^ Emiliano, Ippoliti (2015). Heuristic Reasoning: Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing. pp. 1–2. ISBN 978-3-319-09159-4.
- ^ Perry, P. (2010) Couch Fiction. pp. 123–124.
Further reading
[edit]- Kormanski, Luethel M. Using the Johari Window to Study Characterization - JSTOR. 1988, https://www.jstor.org/stable/40029904.
- Newstrom, John W., and Stephen A. Rubenfeld (1983). “The Johari Window: A Reconceptualization.” Developments in Business Simulation and Experiential Learning: Proceedings of the Annual ABSEL Conference, https://journals.tdl.org/absel/index.php/absel/article/view/2298.
- Luft, Joseph (1972). Einfuhrung in die Gruppendynamik. Ernst Klett Verlag.
- Hase, Steward; Alan Davies; Bob Dick (1999). The Johari Window and the Dark Side of Organisations. Southern Cross University.
- Handy, Charles (2000). 21 Ideas for Managers. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. ISBN 0-14-027510-X.
External links
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Johari window.
- Noogenesis article on the Johari Window, Examples of window-altering actions; game theory aspects.
- Online Johari Window tool, by Kevan Davis
- Johari Window - downloadable application - Fox Valley Technical College
- Interactive Quiz - Quiz on the Johari Window - Hrider