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List of wars involving Iraq

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This is a list of wars involving the Republic of Iraq and its predecessor states.

Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Results Iraqi losses Head of State Prime Minister
Military Civilians
Mesopotamian Campaign
(1914–1918 World War IWWI)
Defeat ~89,500 ~35,500 Mehmed VI (Ottoman rule) Ahmet Tevfik Pasha (Ottoman rule)
Mahmud Barzanji Revolts (1919–1924) Iraq Mandatory Iraq
United Kingdom RAF Iraq Command
Assyrian people Assyrian levies
Kurdish state
  • Barzinja tenantry and tribesmen
  • Hamavand tribe
  • Sections of the Jaf, Jabbari, Sheykh Bizayni and Shuan tribes

Kingdom of Kurdistan

  • Kurdish National Army
British-Assyrian victory[2][3]
  • Kingdom of Kurdistan abolished in 1924
  • Sheykh Mahmud retreats to underground
  • Iraqi Kurdistan merged into Mandatory Iraq (1926)
  • Kingdom of Kurdistan reconquered by the British
? ? Before 1920: Sir Percy Cox

(British High Commissioner)

After 1920: King Faisal I

Before 1920: Sir Percy Cox

(British High Commissioner)

After 1920: Abd Al-Rahman Al-Gillani

Iraqi War of Independence
(1920)
Iraqi rebels United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland United Kingdom Iraqi Political Victory 6,000–10,000 2,050–4,000 None
Ikhwan revolt (1927-1930) United Kingdom Ikhwan Coalition Victory 2,000 killed in total Faisal I of Iraq Faisal bin Sultan
Yazidi Revolt (1935) Kingdom of Iraq Yazidi Tribesmen Government victory
  • Uprising Quelled
? ? Ghazi of Iraq Ali Jawdat al-Ayyubi
Iraqi Shia Revolts
(1935–1936)
Kingdom of Iraq Shia Tribesmen Government victory
  • Uprising Quelled
~500
Iraqi Coup D'état
(1941)
Kingdom of Iraq Golden Square Rebels Golden Square Victory ? Faisal II of Iraq Taha al-Hashimi
Anglo-Iraqi War
(1941 WWII)

 Iraq
Military support:
 Germany[8]
 Italy[9]
 Vichy France[10]

 United Kingdom

Air and naval support:
 Australia[nb 1]
 New Zealand[nb 2]
Greece[nb 3]

Defeat
  • Rebellion suppressed
~500 ? Sherif Sharaf Rashid Ali al-Gaylani
Barzani Revolt
(1943–1945)
Kingdom of Iraq Barzani Kurds Government victory
  • Uprising quelled
? Faisal II of Iraq Nuri al-Said
Al-Wathbah Uprising (1948) Kingdom of Iraq Communists Government victory
  • Uprising quelled
300–400 Mohammad Hassan al-Sadr
First Arab–Israeli War
(1948–1949)
Egypt
Kingdom of Iraq
Transjordan
Syria
 Lebanon
Saudi Arabia
 Kingdom of Yemen
HWA
ALA
 Israel Defeat ? None Muzahim al-Pachachi
14 July Revolution
(1958)
Arab Federation Arab Federation

Supported by:
 Kingdom of Jordan

Iraq Free Officers
  • 19th Brigade
  • 20th Brigade
Free Officers Victory ~100 Nuri al-Said
Mosul Uprising
(1959)
Iraqi Republic Arab Nationalists Government victory 2,426 Muhammad Najib ar-Ruba'i Abd al-Karim Qasim
First Iraqi–Kurdish War
(1961–1970)
Iraqi Republic
Syria Syria
KDP Stalemate ~10,000 ?
Ramadan Revolution
(1963)
Iraqi Republic Arab Nationalists Ba'athist Victory 100
Ar-Rashid Revolt (1963) Iraqi Republic Communists Government victory
  • Revolt suppressed
1+ Abdul Salam Arif Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
November coup d'état (1963) Iraqi Republic Nasserists Nasserist victory 250
Six-Day War
(1967)
Egypt
 Syria
 Jordan
Iraq[14]
Minor involvement:
 Lebanon[15]
 Israel Defeat 10 None Abdul Rahman Arif Abdul Rahman Arif
17 July Revolution
Ba'athist Iraq
Iraqi Republic Ba’ath victory Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
October War
(1973)
 Egypt
 Syria
Ba'athist Iraq
 Jordan
 Algeria
Morocco
 Saudi Arabia
 Cuba
 Israel Defeat[19] 278 None Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
Second Iraqi–Kurdish War
(1974–1975)
Ba'athist Iraq KDP
 Iran
Government victory[21]
  • Iraq re-established control over Kurdistan
7,000 ?
Arvand Conflict
(1974–1975)
Iraq Iran Defeat Saddam Hussein Saddam Hussein
Iran–Iraq War
(1980–1988)
 Iraq
MEK
DRFLA
 Sudan
 Iran
KDP
PUK
Badr Brigades
Stalemate 105,000
375,000
~100,000
Invasion of Kuwait (1990)  Iraq  Kuwait Victory 295+ None
Gulf War
(1990–1991)
 Iraq  Kuwait
 United States
 United Kingdom
 Saudi Arabia
 France
 Canada
 Egypt
 Syrian Arab Republic
 Oman
 United Arab Emirates
 Qatar
 Italy
 Australia
Defeat
  • Iraqi withdrawal from Kuwait; Emir Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah restored
  • Heavy casualties and destruction of Iraqi and Kuwaiti infrastructure
20,000–35,000 3,664
1991 Iraqi uprisings
(1991)
 Iraq
MEK
Badr Brigades
Dawa
Government victory (Southern Front)
  • Uprising suppressed
~5,000 80,000–230,000
KDP
PUK
Government Military Victory (Northern Front)
Iraqi Kurdish Civil War
(1995–1996)
KDP
 Iraq
KDPI
PUK
United States
Stalemate ?
Bombing of Iraq
(1998)
 Iraq United States
 United Kingdom
Defeat
  • Much Iraqi military infrastructure destroyed
1,400[22](KIA or WIA) ?
Second Sadr Uprising
(1999)
 Iraq Badr Brigades
Dawa
Government victory
  • Uprising suppressed
40+ 200+[23]
Iraq War
(2003–2011)
 Iraq United States
 United Kingdom
 Australia
 Poland
Peshmerga
Defeat (Phase 1) 7,600–10,800 151,000–1,033,000+
 Iraq
Peshmerga
MNF–I
SCJL
Naqshbandi Army
Free Iraqi Army
al-Qaeda
ISI
Ansar al-Islam
IAI
Mahdi Army
Badr Brigades
Kata'ib Hezbollah
Government victory (Phase 2) 17,690 Jalal Talabani Nouri al-Maliki
War in Iraq (2013–2017)
(2013–2017)
 Iraq[24]

Kurdistan Region[24]

Allied groups:

Others:
 Iran
 Hezbollah
Syria Syria[27]


CJTF–OIR
 United States
 United Kingdom
 Canada[28][29]
 Australia[30]
 France
 Italy
 Netherlands
 New Zealand[31]
 Finland[32]
 Denmark[33]

Islamic State Islamic State

Ba'athist Iraq Naqshbandi Army (2013 –15)
Anbar Tribal Council (2013 –15)
GMCIR (2014)
Army of Pride and Dignity[34]
Free Iraqi Army (2012–14)
Islamic Army in Iraq (2013 –14)

Government victory
  • Iraqi territorial integrity preserved
  • ISIL expelled from all strongholds in Iraq[35]
  • ISIL genocides against Yazidis, Shias, and Christians in 2014
25,000+ 67,000+ Fuad Masum Haider al-Abadi
2017 Iraqi–Kurdish conflict
(2017)
 Iraq Peshmerga Victory
  • Iraq defeats Peshmerga and retakes disputed territories
None None
Iraqi Insurgency
(2017–present)
 Iraq Naqshbandi Army
ISIL
Ongoing 2,254+ None
Iraqi intervention in the Syrian Civil War
(2017–2019)
ISIL Victory
  • ISIL loses remaining territory in Syria
None None Barham Salih Adil Abdul-Mahdi

Other armed conflicts involving Iraq

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Slot 2005, pp. 406–409
  2. ^ Jackson, Robert (1985). The RAF in Action: From Flanders to the Falklands. Blandford Press. p. 20. ISBN 978-0-7137-1419-7.
  3. ^ Great Britain, Colonial Office (1930). Report by His Britannic Majesty's Government to the Council of the League of Nations on the Administration of Iraq. p. 31.
  4. ^ Kadhim, Abbas (2012). Reclaiming Iraq: The 1920 Revolution and the Founding of the Modern State. University of Texas Press. pp. 10–11. ISBN 9780292739246.
  5. ^ The new Cambridge modern history. Volume xii. p.293.
  6. ^ Wright, Quincy. "The Government of Iraq." The American Political Science Review, vol. 20, no. 4, 1926, pp. 743–769. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/1945423. Accessed 21 Jan. 2020
  7. ^ See original documents here
  8. ^ Cite error: The named reference Playfair195 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  9. ^ Cite error: The named reference Playfair196 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  10. ^ Sutherland, Jon; Canwell, Diane (2011). Vichy Air Force at War: The French Air Force that Fought the Allies in World War II. Barnsley: Pen & Sword Aviation. pp. 38–43. ISBN 978-1-84884-336-3.
  11. ^ Wavell, p. 4094.
  12. ^ Waters, p. 24.
  13. ^ Cite error: The named reference Carr was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  14. ^ Krauthammer, Charles (18 May 2007). "Prelude to the Six Days". The Washington Post. p. A23. ISSN 0740-5421. Archived from the original on 24 July 2019. Retrieved 20 June 2008.
  15. ^ Oren (2002), p. 237.
  16. ^ Arnold, Guy (2016). Wars in the Third World Since 1945. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 299. ISBN 9781474291019.
  17. ^ "Milestones: 1961–1968". Office of the Historian. Archived from the original on 23 October 2018. Retrieved 30 November 2018. Between June 5 and June 10, Israel defeated Egypt, Jordan, and Syria and occupied the Sinai Peninsula, the Gaza Strip, the West Bank, East Jerusalem, and the Golan Heights
  18. ^ Weill, Sharon (2007). "The judicial arm of the occupation: the Israeli military courts in the occupied territories". International Review of the Red Cross. 89 (866): 401. doi:10.1017/s1816383107001142. ISSN 1816-3831. S2CID 55988443. On 7 June 1967, the day the occupation started, Military Proclamation No. 2 was issued, endowing the area commander with full legislative, executive, and judicial authorities over the West Bank and declaring that the law in force prior to the occupation remained in force as long as it did not contradict new military orders.
  19. ^ References:
    • Herzog, The War of Atonement, Little, Brown and Company, 1975. Forward
    • Insight Team of the London Sunday Times, Yom Kippur War, Doubleday and Company, 1974, page 450
    • Luttwak and Horowitz, The Israeli Army. Cambridge, Massachusetts, Abt Books, 1983
    • Rabinovich, The Yom Kippur War, Schocken Books, 2004. Page 498
    • Revisiting The Yom Kippur War, P. R. Kumaraswamy, pages 1–2
    • Johnson and Tierney, Failing To Win, Perception of Victory and Defeat in International Politics. Page 177
    • Charles Liebman, "The Myth of Defeat: The Memory of the Yom Kippur war in Israeli Society"[permanent dead link] Middle Eastern Studies, Vol 29, No. 3, July 1993. Published by Frank Cass, London. Page 411.
  20. ^ Loyola, Mario (7 October 2013). "How We Used to Do It – American diplomacy in the". National Review. p. 1. Retrieved 2 December 2013.
  21. ^ J. Schofield, Militarization and War, p. 122
  22. ^ Rossiter, Mike, Target Basra, Corgi, 2009 ISBN 0552157007 ISBN 978-0552157001, p. 210
  23. ^ Dan Murphy (27 April 2004). "Sadr the agitator: like father, like son". The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 1 February 2013.
  24. ^ a b Beaumont, Peter (12 June 2014). "How effective is Isis compared with the Iraqi army and Kurdish peshmerga?". The Guardian. Retrieved 14 August 2019.
  25. ^ a b "YNK: PKK and YPG are fighting in Şengal and Rabia against ISIS". 6 August 2014. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
  26. ^ Vager Saadullah (14 October 2015). "Politics Keep Syrian Kurdish Troops From Fighting in Their Homeland. Never mind Islamic State—one faction rejects another's fighters". Retrieved 10 November 2017.
  27. ^ "Syria pounds ISIS bases in coordination with Iraq". Daily Star. 15 June 2014.
  28. ^ "Seven Countries to sell weapons to Kurds". BasNews. 14 August 2014. Retrieved 24 August 2014.
  29. ^ "Operation IMPACT". Government of Canada. 19 August 2014.
  30. ^ Adam Vidler (31 August 2014). "Australia to take up military role in Iraq conflict". Retrieved 2014-08-31.
  31. ^ https://www.nzdf.mil.nz/assets/Uploads/DocumentLibrary/ArmyNews_Issue544.pdf
  32. ^ "Involvement of Finnish SOF in the Battle of Mosul. Dutch government report" (in Dutch). Government of the Netherlands.[dead link]
  33. ^ "Enhedslisten støtter dansk våbenfly til kurdere i Irak" (in Danish). DR. DR. 24 August 2014. Retrieved 24 August 2014.
  34. ^ "Iraq's Sunnis Form Tribal Army, as Sectarian Violence Builds". NPR.
  35. ^ "With Iraqi-Kurdish Talks Stalled, Phone Diplomacy Averts New Clashes". New York Times.


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